Thailand

The short version, in barrels

Thailand pumped about 161,600 barrels a day of crude oil and condensate in 2025 and imported about 970,000 barrels a day of crude, so roughly six barrels in every seven that its refineries needed came from abroad. Those figures come from the statistics tables that the Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO) compiles from the Department of Mineral Fuels (DMF) and the Department of Energy Business (DOEB), downloaded and checked in October 2026. The same tables show something less obvious: in 2026 the country moved a large share of its crude buying away from the Middle East within a few months.

This page works through the tables one at a time: liquids production, crude imports by region, refinery intake, natural gas supply, and fuel sales. Where a figure is a PetroEyes calculation rather than a published number, the method is shown.

Liquids production: crude and condensate are separate tables

EPPO publishes crude oil and condensate production in two tables, both in barrels per day. Condensate is a light liquid produced alongside natural gas, so it tracks gas field activity rather than oil field activity.

Year	Crude oil (b/d)	Condensate (b/d)	Combined (b/d)
2021	97,620	79,549	177,169
2022	78,853	63,835	142,688
2023	69,612	66,571	136,183
2024	80,561	72,792	153,353
2025	85,059	76,547	161,606
Jan to Aug 2026	100,434	75,849	176,283

Sources: EPPO Table 2.1-1, Production of Crude Oil and Table 2.1-2, Production of Condensate, source DMF, checked October 2026. Combined column is the sum of the two.

Combined liquids fell by about 23% between 2021 and 2023, then recovered by about 19% by 2025. In the first eight months of 2026, crude output was 25.5% above the same period of 2025 according to EPPO's growth-rate rows, while condensate was about 2% lower, leaving combined liquids roughly 12% higher. The crude increase was concentrated in a few field groups, which the next table shows.

Which fields moved

The crude table lists output by field group. Four groups explain most of the swings.

Field group (crude, b/d)	2021	2022	2023	2024	2025	Jan to Aug 2026
Sirikit	26,477	25,872	24,959	26,216	23,211	23,133
Tantawan group	14,804	12,751	6,077	16,034	15,205	18,679
Erawan group	15,931	6,031	6,674	6	7,979	15,904
Nongyao	9,323	9,178	8,120	9,493	10,907	10,555
All fields	97,620	78,853	69,612	80,561	85,059	100,434

Source: EPPO Table 2.1-1, checked October 2026. EPPO's notes list the fields grouped under each name; the Erawan group includes more than twenty fields such as Platong, Satun and Funan.

Sirikit has been the single largest crude source in every year shown and has drifted slowly lower, from about 26,500 to about 23,100 barrels a day. The large movements came from the Erawan and Tantawan groups. Erawan crude almost disappeared from the table in 2024, averaging 6 barrels a day, and then climbed back through 2025: from 2,545 barrels a day in January 2025 to 16,207 in December 2025 and 19,352 in February 2026. By August 2026 it had eased to 9,058. A reader who looks only at the national total sees a smooth recovery; the field table shows that most of it came from one area restarting.

Gas tells the same Erawan story at a larger scale

Thailand is a gas producer first. EPPO's natural gas table reports domestic production and imports in million standard cubic feet per day (MMSCFD).

Year	Erawan	Bongkot	Domestic total	Myanmar pipeline (Yadana, Yetagun, Zawtika)	LNG imports	Total supply
2021	867	548	3,204	693	829	4,726
2022	311	480	2,620	684	942	4,246
2023	323	812	2,654	556	1,455	4,664
2024	716	828	2,889	495	1,386	4,770
2025	816	788	2,936	422	1,230	4,588
Jan to Aug 2026	829	827	3,032	412	1,567	5,012

Source: EPPO Table 3.1-1, Production and Import of Natural Gas, checked October 2026. The Myanmar column is the sum of the three pipeline sources listed separately in the table.

The 2022 collapse at Erawan, from 867 to 311 MMSCFD, cut domestic gas output by about 18% in a single year, and LNG imports rose to fill the gap. Erawan has since returned to roughly its 2021 level, but total supply grew, and the mix changed underneath it. Pipeline gas from Myanmar fell from 693 to 412 MMSCFD over the period, with Yadana alone dropping from 434 to 152. LNG reached 1,567 MMSCFD in the first eight months of 2026, about 31% of total supply, against about 18% in 2021. Domestic production's share of supply slipped from about 68% to about 60%.

Where the gas goes

The consumption side of the gas table explains why supply security matters so much in Thailand: most of the gas is burned to make electricity.

Year	Power generation (EGAT, IPPs, SPPs)	Industry	Gas separation plants	Vehicles (NGV)	Total
2021	2,603	770	909	112	4,395
2023	2,731	777	783	119	4,410
2025	2,677	768	893	83	4,422
Jan to Aug 2026	3,080	791	946	75	4,892

Source: EPPO Table 3.2-2, Consumption of Natural Gas by Sector, MMSCFD, checked October 2026.

Power generation took about 61% of gas consumption in 2025 and about 63% in the first eight months of 2026, when it rose to 3,080 MMSCFD from 2,737 in the same period of 2025. Almost all of that increase came from independent power producers, whose use rose from 770 to 1,096 MMSCFD. Gas separation plants, which strip ethane, propane and other liquids out of the gas stream for petrochemicals and LPG, took a further fifth of the gas. Natural gas as a vehicle fuel has shrunk by about a third since 2021. Put together with the supply table, the arithmetic is direct: in 2026 the extra gas burned for power was roughly matched by the extra LNG imported, which ties Thai electricity costs more closely to the international LNG market.

For a primer on how traded gas reaches import terminals and why LNG prices differ by region, see our page on LNG export dynamics.

Crude imports and the 2026 shift away from the Middle East

EPPO reports crude imports in million litres, split into three regions: Middle East, Far East and others. Converting litres to barrels (158.987 litres per barrel) and dividing by the days in each period gives daily rates.

Year	Imports (million litres)	Approx. b/d	Middle East share	Far East share	Others share
2021	50,093	863,000	54%	16%	30%
2022	52,998	913,000	62%	13%	25%
2023	55,835	962,000	46%	30%	24%
2024	56,504	971,000	51%	27%	22%
2025	56,310	970,000	58%	19%	24%
Jan to Aug 2026	37,329	966,000	35%	26%	39%

Source: EPPO Table 2.1-3, Import of Crude Oil Classified by Sources, source DOEB, checked October 2026. Barrel conversions by PetroEyes.

A worked conversion, so the method can be checked. The 2025 import total was 56,310 million litres. Dividing by 158.987 litres per barrel gives about 354.2 million barrels; dividing that by 365 days gives about 970,300 barrels a day. The Middle East's 32,533 million litres in 2025 converts the same way to about 561,000 barrels a day. For the first eight months of 2026, the divisor is 243 days, which turns 37,329 million litres into about 966,000 barrels a day and the Middle East's 13,200 million litres into about 342,000 barrels a day, against about 568,000 in the same months of 2025.

Total volume barely changed in 2026: about 966,000 barrels a day in the first eight months, against about 993,000 in the same months of 2025. What changed was the source. Middle East volumes fell 39.8% in the first eight months of 2026, according to the table's growth-rate row, while "others" rose 55.5% and the Far East rose 35.7%. The monthly shares make the timing clear:

2026 month	Middle East share of crude imports
January	57%
February	48%
March	42%
April	18%
May	23%
June	21%
July	39%
August	30%

The drop from 57% in January to 18% in April coincides with the 2026 disruption to Gulf shipping through the Strait of Hormuz that the EIA and other agencies reported, and that our global supply chokepoints page describes. The EPPO table does not say why refiners switched, and its "others" category does not name countries, so the data support the statement that Thai refiners replaced Middle Eastern crude with supply from elsewhere and kept total volumes close to 2025 levels. They do not show which countries supplied the replacement barrels.

Refinery intake: seven plants, one dominant operator

DOEB's refinery intake table lists each refinery's monthly crude and feedstock intake in barrels per day.

Refinery	Jan to Aug 2026 average intake (b/d)	Share of total
Thai Oil	295,757	27.7%
IRPC	198,487	18.6%
PTTGC	171,222	16.0%
Esso	154,192	14.4%
SPRC	135,530	12.7%
Bangchak	111,324	10.4%
Fang	671	0.1%
Total	1,067,184	100%

Source: EPPO Table 2.2-2, Material Intake by Refinery, source DOEB, checked October 2026. EPPO notes that PTTGC's figures include condensate as well as crude. Shares calculated by PetroEyes.

Monthly totals ranged from 980,085 barrels a day in February to 1,165,437 in March. February's dip is almost entirely one plant: SPRC's intake fell to 3,771 barrels a day that month from 164,062 in January, then returned to 182,293 in March. A drop of that shape at a single refinery is usually a shutdown or outage at that site, and the national total should be read with that in mind rather than as a change in demand.

The national balance in one table

EPPO's demand and supply table brings the pieces together for 2026. For January to August 2026 the averages, in barrels per day, were:

Line	Barrels per day
Domestic crude production (incl. condensate)	176,282
Crude imports	966,207
Crude exports	6,923
Refinery throughput	1,067,184
Oil product imports	107,700
Domestic consumption of products	1,168,742
of which gasoline	201,620
of which diesel	418,317
Oil product exports	215,335

Source: EPPO Table 2.4-1, Demand and Supply of Crude Oil and Oil Products, source DOEB, checked October 2026.

A worked reading. Domestic production of 176,282 barrels a day against imports of 966,207 means local crude and condensate made up about 15.4% of the crude available to refiners. Refinery throughput of about 1.07 million barrels a day sits slightly below domestic consumption of about 1.17 million, yet Thailand still exported about 215,000 barrels a day of products while importing about 108,000. Two-way trade in products is normal: refiners export the products and grades they make in surplus and import those they make in deficit. The table's "production" line for oil products (about 1.60 million barrels a day) is larger than refinery throughput, so it evidently counts output beyond crude refining, such as products from gas processing, and it should not be compared directly with crude intake.

What Thai drivers and airlines burn

DOEB's sales table shows the product mix of domestic demand in barrels per day.

Product	2023	2024	2025
Gasoline (all grades)	197,223	197,343	199,483
of which gasohol	150,993	148,367	156,099
Diesel	433,576	432,593	421,503
Jet fuel	86,262	102,077	109,702
Fuel oil	34,149	31,832	33,903

Source: EPPO Table 2.3-4, Sale of Petroleum Products (Barrel/Day), checked October 2026.

Diesel is more than twice the size of gasoline, which fits an economy where trucks, farm equipment and buses carry much of the load; our diesel prices explainer covers why that market is priced separately from gasoline. Gasohol, gasoline blended with ethanol, made up about 78% of gasoline sales in 2025. Jet fuel grew about 27% between 2023 and 2025.

The 2026 monthly figures contain one sharp move. Diesel sales were 517,512 barrels a day in March 2026 and 365,807 in April, a fall of about 29% in one month, before settling near 400,000 in May through July. Jet fuel moved lower earlier in the year, from 130,922 barrels a day in January to 90,509 in June. The table records the volumes; it does not explain them, and a one-month swing of that size in diesel can reflect buying ahead of a price change as much as a change in use.

Limits of these tables

• Latest month. At the time of checking, the oil tables ran to August 2026. Figures for later months will change the 2026 averages.
• "Others" is not a country. The import table's three regions hide the actual suppliers. Country detail requires customs data, which this page does not cover.
• Condensate in refinery intake. PTTGC's intake includes condensate, so intake is slightly broader than "crude runs" in other countries' statistics.
• Units. Imports are in litres, production in barrels per day, gas in MMSCFD. Every conversion on this page uses 158.987 litres per barrel and the day count of the period.
• Removed claims. Earlier versions of this page described drilling techniques, project targets, terminal plans and company histories that could not be traced to a primary source in this review. They have been removed rather than repeated.

How Thailand compares

Thailand's liquids output is a small fraction of its refinery runs, which places it with the import-reliant refiners of Asia rather than with producers. The world oil consumption map shows where it sits among Asian consumers, and the OPEC+ explainer describes the supply decisions that set the price of most of the crude it buys. Malaysia, its neighbour across the Gulf, has a very different balance; see the Malaysia country page.

Frequently asked questions

How much oil does Thailand produce?

In 2025, about 85,100 barrels a day of crude oil and about 76,500 of condensate, roughly 161,600 barrels a day combined, according to DMF data compiled by EPPO. In January to August 2026 the combined figure was about 176,300 barrels a day.

How much of Thailand's crude comes from the Middle East?

In 2025, 58% of crude imports by volume came from the Middle East. In January to August 2026 the share was 35%, and in April 2026 it was 18%, as refiners bought more from other regions.

Is Thailand self-sufficient in natural gas?

No. Domestic fields supplied about 3,032 million cubic feet a day in January to August 2026, about 60% of supply. The rest came from Myanmar by pipeline (about 412 MMSCFD) and from LNG imports (about 1,567 MMSCFD).

Which is Thailand's largest refinery?

By intake in January to August 2026, Thai Oil, at an average of about 295,800 barrels a day, followed by IRPC and PTTGC. All seven refineries together averaged about 1.07 million barrels a day.

Why did Erawan output fall in 2022?

The EPPO tables record the fall, from 867 to 311 million cubic feet a day of gas, but not its cause. Readers looking for the reason should consult the operator's and the Department of Mineral Fuels' own statements; this page reports only the volumes.

Sources

• Energy Policy and Planning Office (EPPO), energy statistics tables 2.1-1, 2.1-2, 2.1-3, 2.2-2, 2.3-4, 2.4-1 and 3.1-1, compiled from Department of Mineral Fuels and Department of Energy Business data, downloaded from eppo.go.th and checked October 2026.
• Litre-to-barrel conversions, shares and growth calculations are PetroEyes calculations from those tables.